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03/04/2024 3:30 am
Free CompTIA CAS-004 Dumps are shared online. You can view and discuss CompTIA CAS-004 questions and answers for free below. FreeCompTIA Advanced Security Practitioner (CASP+) Exam Exam Questions.
03/04/2024 3:30 am
An organization is referencing NIST best practices for BCP creation while reviewing current internal organizational processes for mission-essential items.
Which of the following phases establishes the identification and prioritization of critical systems and functions?
- A . Review a recent gap analysis.
- B . Perform a cost-benefit analysis.
- C . Conduct a business impact analysis.
- D . Develop an exposure factor matrix.
Suggested Answer: C
Explanation:
Reference: https://itsm.ucsf.edu/business-impact-analysis-bia-0
According to NIST SP 800-34 Rev. 1, a business impact analysis (BIA) is a process that identifies and evaluates the potential effects of natural and man-made events on organizational operations. The BIA enables an organization to determine which systems and processes are essential to the organization’s mission and prioritize their recovery time objectives (RTOs) and recovery point objectives (RPOs).12
Explanation:
Reference: https://itsm.ucsf.edu/business-impact-analysis-bia-0
According to NIST SP 800-34 Rev. 1, a business impact analysis (BIA) is a process that identifies and evaluates the potential effects of natural and man-made events on organizational operations. The BIA enables an organization to determine which systems and processes are essential to the organization’s mission and prioritize their recovery time objectives (RTOs) and recovery point objectives (RPOs).12
03/04/2024 3:30 am
An organization is preparing to migrate its production environment systems from an on-premises environment to a cloud service. The lead security architect is concerned that the organization's current methods for addressing risk may not be possible in the cloud environment.
Which of the following BEST describes the reason why traditional methods of addressing risk may not be possible in the cloud?
- A . Migrating operations assumes the acceptance of all risk.
- B . Cloud providers are unable to avoid risk.
- C . Specific risks cannot be transferred to the cloud provider.
- D . Risks to data in the cloud cannot be mitigated.
Suggested Answer: C
Explanation:
According to NIST SP 800-146, cloud computing introduces new risks that need to be assessed and managed by the cloud consumer. Some of these risks are related to the shared responsibility model of cloud computing, where some security controls are implemented by the cloud provider and some by the cloud consumer. The cloud consumer cannot transfer all the risks to the cloud provider and needs to understand which risks are retained and which are mitigated by the cloud provider.3
Explanation:
According to NIST SP 800-146, cloud computing introduces new risks that need to be assessed and managed by the cloud consumer. Some of these risks are related to the shared responsibility model of cloud computing, where some security controls are implemented by the cloud provider and some by the cloud consumer. The cloud consumer cannot transfer all the risks to the cloud provider and needs to understand which risks are retained and which are mitigated by the cloud provider.3
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A company created an external application for its customers. A security researcher now reports that the application has a serious LDAP injection vulnerability that could be leveraged to bypass authentication and authorization.
Which of the following actions would BEST resolve the issue? (Choose two.)
- A . Conduct input sanitization.
- B . Deploy a SIEM.
- C . Use containers.
- D . Patch the OS
- E . Deploy a WAF.
- F . Deploy a reverse proxy
- G . Deploy an IDS.
Suggested Answer: AE
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A company created an external application for its customers. A security researcher now reports that the application has a serious LDAP injection vulnerability that could be leveraged to bypass authentication and authorization.
Which of the following actions would BEST resolve the issue? (Choose two.)
- A . Conduct input sanitization.
- B . Deploy a SIEM.
- C . Use containers.
- D . Patch the OS
- E . Deploy a WAF.
- F . Deploy a reverse proxy
- G . Deploy an IDS.
Suggested Answer: AE
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A company created an external application for its customers. A security researcher now reports that the application has a serious LDAP injection vulnerability that could be leveraged to bypass authentication and authorization.
Which of the following actions would BEST resolve the issue? (Choose two.)
- A . Conduct input sanitization.
- B . Deploy a SIEM.
- C . Use containers.
- D . Patch the OS
- E . Deploy a WAF.
- F . Deploy a reverse proxy
- G . Deploy an IDS.
Suggested Answer: AE
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A company created an external application for its customers. A security researcher now reports that the application has a serious LDAP injection vulnerability that could be leveraged to bypass authentication and authorization.
Which of the following actions would BEST resolve the issue? (Choose two.)
- A . Conduct input sanitization.
- B . Deploy a SIEM.
- C . Use containers.
- D . Patch the OS
- E . Deploy a WAF.
- F . Deploy a reverse proxy
- G . Deploy an IDS.
Suggested Answer: AE
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
Explanation:
A WAF protects your web apps by filtering, monitoring, and blocking any malicious HTTP/S traffic traveling to the web application, and prevents any unauthorized data from leaving the app. It does this by adhering to a set of policies that help determine what traffic is malicious and what traffic is safe.
According to OWASP, LDAP injection is an attack that exploits web applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input without proper validation or sanitization. LDAP injection can result in unauthorized access, data modification, or denial of service. To prevent LDAP injection, OWASP recommends conducting input sanitization by escaping special characters in user input and deploying a web application firewall (WAF) that can detect and block malicious LDAP queries.45
03/04/2024 3:30 am
Despite the fact that ten new API servers were added, the load across servers was heavy at peak times.
Which of the following infrastructure design changes would be BEST for the organization to implement to avoid these issues in the future?
- A . Serve static content via distributed CDNs, create a read replica of the central database and pull reports from there, and auto-scale API servers based on performance.
- B . Increase the bandwidth for the server that delivers images, use a CDN, change the database to a non-relational database, and split the ten API servers across two load balancers.
- C . Serve images from an object storage bucket with infrequent read times, replicate the database across different regions, and dynamically create API servers based on load.
- D . Serve static-content object storage across different regions, increase the instance size on the managed relational database, and distribute the ten API servers across multiple regions.
Suggested Answer: A
Explanation:
This solution would address the three issues as follows:
Serving static content via distributed CDNs would reduce the latency for international users by delivering images from the nearest edge location to the user’s request.
Creating a read replica of the central database and pulling reports from there would offload the read-intensive workload from the primary database and avoid affecting the inventory data for order placement.
Auto-scaling API servers based on performance would dynamically adjust the number of servers to match the demand and balance the load across them at peak times.
Explanation:
This solution would address the three issues as follows:
Serving static content via distributed CDNs would reduce the latency for international users by delivering images from the nearest edge location to the user’s request.
Creating a read replica of the central database and pulling reports from there would offload the read-intensive workload from the primary database and avoid affecting the inventory data for order placement.
Auto-scaling API servers based on performance would dynamically adjust the number of servers to match the demand and balance the load across them at peak times.
03/04/2024 3:30 am
During a remodel, a company’s computer equipment was moved to a secure storage room with cameras positioned on both sides of the door. The door is locked using a card reader issued by the security team, and only the security team and department managers have access to the room. The company wants to be able to identify any unauthorized individuals who enter the storage room by following an authorized employee.
Which of the following processes would BEST satisfy this requirement?
- A . Monitor camera footage corresponding to a valid access request.
- B . Require both security and management to open the door.
- C . Require department managers to review denied-access requests.
- D . Issue new entry badges on a weekly basis.
Suggested Answer: B
Explanation:
Reference: https://www.getkisi.com/access-control
This solution would implement a two-factor authentication (2FA) process that would prevent unauthorized individuals from entering the storage room by following an authorized employee. The two factors would be the card reader issued by the security team and the presence of a department manager.
Explanation:
Reference: https://www.getkisi.com/access-control
This solution would implement a two-factor authentication (2FA) process that would prevent unauthorized individuals from entering the storage room by following an authorized employee. The two factors would be the card reader issued by the security team and the presence of a department manager.
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A company is preparing to deploy a global service.
Which of the following must the company do to ensure GDPR compliance? (Choose two.)
- A . Inform users regarding what data is stored.
- B . Provide opt-in/out for marketing messages.
- C . Provide data deletion capabilities.
- D . Provide optional data encryption.
- E . Grant data access to third parties.
- F . Provide alternative authentication techniques.
Suggested Answer: A, C
Explanation:
The main rights for individuals under the GDPR are to:
allow subject access
have inaccuracies corrected
have information erased
prevent direct marketing
prevent automated decision-making and profiling
allow data portability (as per the paragraph above)
source: https://www.clouddirect.net/11-things-you-must-do-now-for-gdpr-compliance/
These are two of the requirements of the GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), which is a legal framework that sets guidelines for the collection and processing of personal data of individuals within the European Union (EU). The GDPR also requires data controllers to obtain consent from data subjects, protect data with appropriate security measures, notify data subjects and authorities of data breaches, and appoint a data protection officer.
Explanation:
The main rights for individuals under the GDPR are to:
allow subject access
have inaccuracies corrected
have information erased
prevent direct marketing
prevent automated decision-making and profiling
allow data portability (as per the paragraph above)
source: https://www.clouddirect.net/11-things-you-must-do-now-for-gdpr-compliance/
These are two of the requirements of the GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), which is a legal framework that sets guidelines for the collection and processing of personal data of individuals within the European Union (EU). The GDPR also requires data controllers to obtain consent from data subjects, protect data with appropriate security measures, notify data subjects and authorities of data breaches, and appoint a data protection officer.
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A SOC analyst is reviewing malicious activity on an external, exposed web server. During the investigation, the analyst determines specific traffic is not being logged, and there is no visibility from the WAF for the web application.
Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?
- A . The user agent client is not compatible with the WAF.
- B . A certificate on the WAF is expired.
- C . HTTP traffic is not forwarding to HTTPS to decrypt.
- D . Old, vulnerable cipher suites are still being used.
Suggested Answer: C
Explanation:
This could be the cause of the lack of visibility from the WAF (Web Application Firewall) for the web application, as the WAF may not be able to inspect or block unencrypted HTTP traffic. To solve this issue, the web server should redirect all HTTP requests to HTTPS and use SSL/TLS certificates to
encrypt the traffic.
Explanation:
This could be the cause of the lack of visibility from the WAF (Web Application Firewall) for the web application, as the WAF may not be able to inspect or block unencrypted HTTP traffic. To solve this issue, the web server should redirect all HTTP requests to HTTPS and use SSL/TLS certificates to
encrypt the traffic.
03/04/2024 3:30 am
A security analyst is reviewing the following output:
Which of the following would BEST mitigate this type of attack?
- A . Installing a network firewall
- B . Placing a WAF inline
- C . Implementing an IDS
- D . Deploying a honeypot
Suggested Answer: B
Explanation:
The output shows a SQL injection attack that is trying to exploit a web application. A WAF (Web Application Firewall) is a security solution that can detect and block malicious web requests, such as SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, etc. Placing a WAF inline would prevent the attack from reaching the web server and database.
Reference:
https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/SQL_Injection
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/glossary/web-application-firewall-waf/
Explanation:
The output shows a SQL injection attack that is trying to exploit a web application. A WAF (Web Application Firewall) is a security solution that can detect and block malicious web requests, such as SQL injection, XSS, CSRF, etc. Placing a WAF inline would prevent the attack from reaching the web server and database.
Reference:
https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/SQL_Injection
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/glossary/web-application-firewall-waf/
03/04/2024 3:30 am
Which of the following terms refers to the delivery of encryption keys to a CASB or a third-party entity?
- A . Key sharing
- B . Key distribution
- C . Key recovery
- D . Key escrow
Suggested Answer: D
Explanation:
Key escrow is a process that involves storing encryption keys with a trusted third party, such as a CASB (Cloud Access Security Broker) or a government agency. Key escrow can enable authorized access to encrypted data in case of emergencies, legal issues, or data recovery. However, key escrow also introduces some risks and challenges, such as trust, security, and privacy.
Reference:
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1772/key-escrow
https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/key-escrow
Explanation:
Key escrow is a process that involves storing encryption keys with a trusted third party, such as a CASB (Cloud Access Security Broker) or a government agency. Key escrow can enable authorized access to encrypted data in case of emergencies, legal issues, or data recovery. However, key escrow also introduces some risks and challenges, such as trust, security, and privacy.
Reference:
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1772/key-escrow
https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/key-escrow
03/04/2024 3:30 am
An organization is implementing a new identity and access management architecture with the following objectives:
Supporting MFA against on-premises infrastructure
Improving the user experience by integrating with SaaS applications
Applying risk-based policies based on location
Performing just-in-time provisioning
Which of the following authentication protocols should the organization implement to support these requirements?
- A . Kerberos and TACACS
- B . SAML and RADIUS
- C . OAuth and OpenID
- D . OTP and 802.1X
Suggested Answer: C
Explanation:
Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/manage-apps/migrate-application-authentication-to-azure-active-directory
OAuth and OpenID are two authentication protocols that can support the objectives of the organization. OAuth is a protocol that allows users to grant access to their resources on one site (or service) to another site (or service) without sharing their credentials. OpenID is a protocol that allows users to use an existing account to sign in to multiple websites without creating new passwords. Both protocols can support MFA, SaaS integration, risk-based policies, and just-in-time provisioning.
Reference: https://auth0.com/docs/protocols/oauth2 https://openid.net/connect/
Explanation:
Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/manage-apps/migrate-application-authentication-to-azure-active-directory
OAuth and OpenID are two authentication protocols that can support the objectives of the organization. OAuth is a protocol that allows users to grant access to their resources on one site (or service) to another site (or service) without sharing their credentials. OpenID is a protocol that allows users to use an existing account to sign in to multiple websites without creating new passwords. Both protocols can support MFA, SaaS integration, risk-based policies, and just-in-time provisioning.
Reference: https://auth0.com/docs/protocols/oauth2 https://openid.net/connect/
03/04/2024 3:30 am
Which of the following allows computation and analysis of data within a ciphertext without knowledge of the plaintext?
- A . Lattice-based cryptography
- B . Quantum computing
- C . Asymmetric cryptography
- D . Homomorphic encryption
Suggested Answer: D
Explanation:
Reference: https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/cryptanalysis
Homomorphic encryption is a type of encryption that allows computation and analysis of data within a ciphertext without knowledge of the plaintext. This means that encrypted data can be processed
without being decrypted first, which enhances the security and privacy of the data. Homomorphic encryption can enable applications such as secure cloud computing, machine learning, and data analytics.
Reference:
https://www.ibm.com/security/homomorphic-encryption
https://www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/homomorphic-encryption/
Explanation:
Reference: https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/cryptanalysis
Homomorphic encryption is a type of encryption that allows computation and analysis of data within a ciphertext without knowledge of the plaintext. This means that encrypted data can be processed
without being decrypted first, which enhances the security and privacy of the data. Homomorphic encryption can enable applications such as secure cloud computing, machine learning, and data analytics.
Reference:
https://www.ibm.com/security/homomorphic-encryption
https://www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/homomorphic-encryption/
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